（浙江工程(cheng)建設管(guan)理有限公司(si)  浙江杭州(zhou)  310000）

摘 要：建筑(zhu)(zhu)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)健(jian)康發(fa)展(zhan)對我國(guo)經濟的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)起到了積極的(de)(de)促(cu)進作用。經過近年的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，我國(guo)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)(ye)已經初具規模，行業(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體發(fa)展(zhan)狀況良(liang)好。為(wei)了能(neng)夠保持住良(liang)好的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)勢頭，更(geng)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)是能(neng)夠提(ti)高(gao)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)質量，房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)出更(geng)多的(de)(de)貢獻(xian)。本文主要(yao)(yao)從監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工作的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)性(xing)、房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)職責(ze)、房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)中常見(jian)的(de)(de)問題、房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)操作要(yao)(yao)點和實施這(zhe)四方面，對房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)工程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工作進行了分析。

關鍵詞：房屋建筑工程；監理；措施

現(xian)階段(duan)，我國(guo)房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理工作(zuo)還存在許多的(de)(de)問題，需要人(ren)們(men)(men)對(dui)監(jian)(jian)理工作(zuo)有充(chong)分的(de)(de)認識，做好(hao)房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理工作(zuo)。隨著我國(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)行業的(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展，房(fang)地產業的(de)(de)發展也(ye)相應的(de)(de)進(jin)入快車道。由于(yu)房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關系到人(ren)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活，監(jian)(jian)理作(zuo)為把控房(fang)屋(wu)質量的(de)(de)關鍵一(yi)環，足以(yi)說明房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理的(de)(de)重要性。

一． 房屋建筑工程監理(li)工作(zuo)的重要(yao)性(xing)

(1)從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)來(lai)看，監理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)開展，有助于協助其更好的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)現施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量的(de)問題，利于責(ze)任的(de)落實，保(bao)障施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量符合建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)的(de)設(she)(she)計要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)；(2)站在居民的(de)角(jiao)度來(lai)看，房屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程監理(li)的(de)開展是保(bao)證他們(men)能(neng)否住上安全房屋(wu)(wu)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)環(huan)節(jie)，關(guan)系到居民的(de)日常生活和生命(ming)財產安全;(3)從建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單位來(lai)看，有效的(de)監理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作不僅(jin)可以為建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單位節(jie)省人力和財力，還(huan)能(neng)保(bao)證房屋(wu)(wu)質(zhi)量更符合規范要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，為建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單位在市場競爭中提供積極(ji)的(de)幫助。

二． 房屋建筑工程監理的職責

房屋建筑工程監理的(de)職責主要(yao)體現在以下方面：

1. 施工(gong)(gong)進(jin)度監管(guan)。監理人員要(yao)根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)計(ji)劃進(jin)度，按時進(jin)行施工(gong)(gong)進(jin)度中的(de)監督、檢查(cha)工(gong)(gong)作。如果(guo)出現(xian)實際進(jin)度推遲的(de)現(xian)象，監理方(fang)需(xu)要(yao)與建設方(fang)進(jin)行協調，根據(ju)合同來采取(qu)相應的(de)解決(jue)措(cuo)施；如果(guo)出現(xian)非(fei)承包商(shang)方(fang)面的(de)延誤(wu)工(gong)(gong)期，需(xu)要(yao)立即進(jin)行簽(qian)證的(de)辦(ban)理，還(huan)要(yao)及時告知甲方(fang)代(dai)表。

2. 現(xian)場(chang)(chang)組建(jian)監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)機構。根(gen)據合同的要(yao)求，以及施工(gong)(gong)項目整體狀(zhuang)況，現(xian)場(chang)(chang)組建(jian)合理(li)(li)(li)規模的監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)機構。工(gong)(gong)程總監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師要(yao)對相關監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)人員(yuan)有充(chong)分的了(le)解，做好崗位的分工(gong)(gong)調配(pei)，盡量做到發揮每個監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)人員(yuan)的優(you)勢(shi)，為房屋(wu)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作的順利開(kai)展起到有益的幫助。

3. 重視質(zhi)量問題。通常情況下，房屋(wu)建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)在施(shi)工(gong)前(qian)期，監理(li)人員作為質(zhi)量監管方，需要對施(shi)工(gong)方的(de)質(zhi)檢(jian)人員、施(shi)工(gong)組的(de)負責人進行質(zhi)量安全的(de)宣(xuan)傳，加強各方的(de)質(zhi)量安全意識，保證(zheng)房屋(wu)施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)順利(li)實(shi)施(shi)。

4. 完工(gong)驗(yan)收。完工(gong)驗(yan)收是房屋建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)的(de)最后(hou)階段，需(xu)要建(jian)設方進行嚴格的(de)把關。監(jian)理方需(xu)要在施工(gong)進度結束后(hou)，根據相關的(de)法律、各種規范標準以及合同文(wen)件，對(dui)承包方的(de)竣工(gong)資料進行詳細(xi)的(de)檢查，對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)實體進行完工(gong)驗(yan)收。

三． 房屋建筑工程監(jian)理中常見的問題

1. 監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)方面。我國監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)數量龐(pang)大，但是很(hen)多(duo)的(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)身卻存在諸多(duo)的(de)問題。我國很(hen)多(duo)的(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)制度不健全，監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)組(zu)織機(ji)構、管(guan)理(li)(li)體制等方面不夠合理(li)(li)。在對(dui)施工項目(mu)進行監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)時，監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)責任意(yi)識薄弱，導致業(ye)(ye)主對(dui)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)印(yin)象差(cha)，對(dui)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工作(zuo)不放心。

2. 監(jian)理(li)(li)制度方面。在(zai)(zai)(zai)房屋建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong)，監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)通常(chang)只(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)進(jin)行。監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)不僅是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)設計階(jie)(jie)段(duan)、招(zhao)標階(jie)(jie)段(duan)都需要進(jin)行監(jian)理(li)(li)活(huo)動的(de)開展。監(jian)理(li)(li)方在(zai)(zai)(zai)收到(dao)委托后，通常(chang)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)，監(jian)理(li)(li)人(ren)員不得不邊熟悉項目整體情況，邊進(jin)行監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，對于(yu)監(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)順利進(jin)行是(shi)非(fei)常(chang)不利的(de)。

3. 監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理行業方(fang)面。現(xian)(xian)階(jie)段(duan)，我國監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理行業面臨(lin)著不規范化的(de)現(xian)(xian)狀。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)無證(zheng)上崗現(xian)(xian)象很普遍，很多的(de)施工(gong)單位、建設單位都(dou)忽(hu)略了監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)憑(ping)證(zheng)上崗，導致監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理方(fang)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理水(shui)平(ping)整體不高；伴隨著房(fang)屋建筑(zhu)工(gong)程行業的(de)高速發展(zhan)，行業的(de)經(jing)濟利(li)潤(run)也明顯增加，導致區域保護政策(ce)出現(xian)(xian)，不利(li)于房(fang)屋建筑(zhu)工(gong)程的(de)市場經(jing)濟化。

四． 加強房屋建筑工程(cheng)監理(li)工作的(de)措施

1. 整(zheng)頓監理企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)。在(zai)我國(guo)，監理企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)有(you)著龐大的(de)數量，但(dan)監理企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)良莠不齊，整(zheng)體質量較(jiao)低，政府需要整(zheng)頓監理企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，注重企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)合法化(hua)、規范(fan)化(hua)；監理企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)本身(shen)需要把企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)做好、做強，努力樹立企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)形象，提(ti)高社會公眾(zhong)對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)信任度(du)，從而(er)提(ti)高企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)競爭(zheng)力。

 2. 完善監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)與(yu)制(zhi)度。（1） 監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)不(bu)僅是在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段，更(geng)應(ying)該重視施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)需要(yao)(yao)在房屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前期(qi)，對施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)需要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原材料(liao)、設備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢查，合理(li)(li)(li)控(kong)制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個環節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，比如(ru)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安排、組(zu)織管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式、檢查方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)等等。對各(ge)種(zhong)規范標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，如(ru)材料(liao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)以及(ji)技術方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，都要(yao)(yao)有深入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了解。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在對材料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)審查的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)當中，需要(yao)(yao)重視對半(ban)成品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢查。針(zhen)對混(hun)凝土工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，必須保(bao)證施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)用到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水泥、砂(sha)石等原材料(liao)符合建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前期(qi)，需要(yao)(yao)組(zu)織建(jian)設方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，進(jin)行(xing)安全會議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展(zhan)。（2） 房屋(wu)(wu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度需要(yao)(yao)更(geng)新(xin)(xin)和(he)完善。建(jian)筑(zhu)行(xing)業正在不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，在其發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)當中，出現了許多新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，這(zhe)些都促使(shi)房屋(wu)(wu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度進(jin)行(xing)更(geng)新(xin)(xin)與(yu)完善。完善監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規制(zhi)度，提出新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)部(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師需要(yao)(yao)對監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)行(xing)責(ze)任(ren)劃分，落實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)責(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)，保(bao)證監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效開(kai)展(zhan)。

3. 規(gui)(gui)范監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)。我國(guo)政府要嚴格規(gui)(gui)范監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)，整頓(dun)房(fang)屋建(jian)筑工程領域(yu)的(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)市(shi)場。明確監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)人員必(bi)須要有監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)從業(ye)資格證書才能上崗(gang)，監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)方也應該重(zhong)視監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)人員的(de)能力；取締(di)區域(yu)保護政策，隨著市(shi)場經(jing)濟的(de)發展(zhan)，一(yi)切經(jing)濟活動都應該按(an)市(shi)場規(gui)(gui)律(lv)辦事，按(an)市(shi)場規(gui)(gui)律(lv)發展(zhan)，而不是行(xing)政體制(zhi)的(de)干預，這樣，從長遠來看，對監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)，對我國(guo)建(jian)筑業(ye)都是極為有利的(de)。

5 結束語

房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)落(luo)實，關系(xi)(xi)到的(de)不僅是建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設方(fang)(fang)、施工(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)，更關系(xi)(xi)到用戶的(de)生命財產(chan)安全。對(dui)于監理(li)(li)人員來說，是一項不可懈怠的(de)重要職責。隨著市場經(jing)濟的(de)快速發(fa)展(zhan)，房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)業也獲得了良好的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)勢頭。房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)整(zheng)體(ti)過程(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)重要環節，日(ri)益受(shou)到建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑行業的(de)重視，形成施工(gong)(gong)前、施工(gong)(gong)中、施工(gong)(gong)后全面完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)系(xi)(xi)統性監理(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在房(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)中起著十分重要的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用。

參考文獻

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